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The New Order (German: ''Neuordnung'') or the New Order of Europe (German: ''Neuordnung Europas'') was the political order which Nazi Germany wanted to impose on the conquered areas under its dominion. The establishment of the New Order had already begun long before the start of World War II, but was publicly proclaimed by Adolf Hitler in 1941: Among other things, it entailed the creation of a pan-German racial state structured according to Nazi ideology to ensure the supremacy of an Aryan-Nordic master race, massive territorial expansion into Eastern Europe through its colonization with German settlers, the physical annihilation of the Jews and others considered to be "unworthy of life", and the extermination, expulsion, or enslavement of most of the Slavic peoples and others regarded as "racially inferior".〔Gumkowski, Janusz; Leszcynski, Kazimierz (1961). ''Poland Under Nazi Occupation''. Polonia Pub. House. ()〕 Nazi Germany’s desire for aggressive territorial expansionism was one of the most important causes of World War II. Historians are still divided as to its ultimate goals, some believing that it was to be limited to Nazi German domination of Europe, while others maintain that it was a springboard for eventual world conquest and the establishment of a world government under German control.〔Lee, Stephen J. (1987). ''The European dictatorships, 1918-1945'', (p. 196 ). Cambridge University Press.〕 ==Origin of the term== The term ''Neuordnung'' originally had a different and more limited meaning than in its present usage. It is typically translated as New Order, but a more correct translation would actually be more akin to ''reorganisation''. When it was used in Germany during the Third Reich-era it referred specifically to the Nazis' desire to essentially redraw the contemporary state borders within Europe, thereby changing the then-existing geopolitical structures. In the same sense it has also been used now and in the past to denote similar re-orderings of the international political order such as the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, the Vienna Congress in 1815, and the Allied victory in 1945. The complete phrase which was used by the Nazi establishment was actually ''die Neuordnung Europas'' (the New Order of Europe), for which ''Neuordnung'' was merely a shorthand. According to the Nazi government this goal was pursued by Germany to secure a fair rearrangement of territory for the "common benefit" of a new, economically integrated Europe,〔Spielvogel, Jackson J. (2006). ''Western Civilization Since 1789, Volume 3''. Clark Baxter, p. 855. ()〕 which in Nazi terminology meant the continent of Europe with the exclusion of the "Asiatic" Soviet Union.〔(Martin Bormann’s Minutes of a Meeting at Hitler’s Headquarters (July 16, 1941). ) German History in Documents and Images. Retrieved 5 June 2011. Quoting Hitler: ''The Führer emphasized that we had to understand that the Europe of today was nothing but a geographical term; in reality Asia extended up to our frontiers.''〕 Nazi racial views regarded the "Judeo-Bolshevist" Soviet state both as a criminal institution which needed to be destroyed as well as a barbarian place as yet lacking any actual culture that would give it a "European" character.〔Rich, Norman (1972). ''Hitler's War Aims: Ideology, the Nazi State and the Course of Expansion'', p. 212.〕 ''Neuordnung'' was therefore hardly ever used in reference to Soviet Russia since theoretically there weren't even any actual structures that could be re-organized along National Socialist designs. The actual objective was to ensure a state of total post-war continental hegemony for Nazi Germany.〔Haffner, Sebastian (1979). ''The Meaning of Hitler''. Macmillan Publishing Company Inc., p. 100. ()〕 This was to be achieved by the expansion of the territorial base of the German state itself, combined with the political and economic subjugation of the rest of Europe to Germany. Eventual extensions of the project to areas beyond Europe as well as on an ultimately global scale were anticipated for the future period in which Germany would have secured unchallenged control over her own continent first, but ''Neuordnung'' did not carry this extra-European meaning at the time. Through its wide use in Nazi propaganda it quickly gained coinage in Western media. In English-language academic circles especially it eventually carried a much more inclusive definition, and became increasingly known as a term used to refer to all the foreign and domestic politics and war aims of the Nazi German state as well as its dictatorial leader Adolf Hitler. It therefore holds approximately the same connotations as the term ''co-prosperity sphere'' did in Japanese circles in reference to their planned imperial domain. Nowadays it is most commonly used to refer to all the post-war planning and policies both in and outside of Europe that the Nazi government expected to implement after an anticipated victory for Germany and the other Axis powers in World War II. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「New Order (Nazism)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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